"苦悶" meaning in All languages combined

See 苦悶 on Wiktionary

Adjective [Chinese]

IPA: /kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /fuː³⁵ muːn²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰu³¹ mun⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən⁵¹/, /fuː³⁵ muːn²²/, /kʰu³¹ mun⁵⁵/, /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/, /kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun⁴¹/, /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/, /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/, /kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/ Chinese transliterations: kǔmèn [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄎㄨˇ ㄇㄣˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], fu² mun⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khú-mun [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], khó͘-būn, kǔmèn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], kǔmèn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kʻu³-mên⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], kǔ-mèn [Mandarin, Yale], kuumenn [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], кумэнь [Mandarin, Palladius], kumɛnʹ [Mandarin, Palladius], fú muhn [Cantonese, Yale], fu² mun⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], fu² mun⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khú-mun [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], ku` mun [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], ku³ mun⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], khó͘-būn [Hokkien, POJ], khóo-būn [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qofbun [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 苦悶
  1. depressed; dejected Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-苦悶-zh-adj-DwKuomKP Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Synonyms: 低沉 (dīchén), 低落 (dīluò), 冷館 [Hokkien, Xiamen], 冷馆 [Hokkien, Xiamen], 喪氣, 丧气, 壓抑 (yāyì), 压抑 (yāyì), 失望 (shīwàng), 失落 (shīluò), 寡歡 (guǎhuān), 寡欢 (guǎhuān), 幽鬱 (yōuyù) [archaic], 幽郁 (yōuyù) [archaic], 悒鬱 (yìyù) [literary], 悒郁 (yìyù) [literary], 悒鬱寡歡 (yìyùguǎhuān), 悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān), 愁悶 (chóumèn), 愁闷 (chóumèn), 憂悶 (yōumèn), 忧闷 (yōumèn), 慘沮 (cǎnjǔ) [literary], 惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) [literary], 憂鬱 (yōuyù), 忧郁 (yōuyù), 憋悶, 憋闷, 懊喪 (àosàng), 懊丧 (àosàng), 抑鬱 (yìyù), 抑郁 (yìyù), 沉悶 (chénmèn), 沉闷 (chénmèn), 沉鬱 (chényù) [literary], 沉郁 (chényù) [literary], 沮喪 (jǔsàng), 沮丧 (jǔsàng), 消極 (xiāojí), 消极 (xiāojí), 消沉 (xiāochén), (huī) [in-compounds, literary], 灰心 (huīxīn), 灰心喪氣 (huīxīnsàngqì), 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì), 煩悶 (fánmèn), 烦闷 (fánmèn), 神傷 (shénshāng) [literary], 神伤 (shénshāng) [literary], 索寞 (suǒmò) (english: literary or Eastern Min), 萎靡, 陰暗 (yīn'àn), 阴暗 (yīn'àn), 陰沉 (yīnchén), 阴沉 (yīnchén), 頹唐 (tuítáng), 颓唐 (tuítáng), 頹喪 (tuísàng), 颓丧 (tuísàng), 頹廢 (tuífèi), 颓废 (tuífèi), 鬱悶 (yùmèn), 郁闷 (yùmèn), 鬱鬱 (yùyù) [literary], 郁郁 (yùyù) [literary], 鬱鬱不樂 (yùyùbùlè), 郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè), 鬱鬱寡歡 (yùyùguǎhuān), 郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān), 齪嘈 [Hokkien], 龊嘈 [Hokkien]

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [kɯ̟ᵝmõ̞ɴ] Forms: 苦悶 [canonical] (ruby: (), (もん)), kumon [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|くもん}} 苦(く)悶(もん) • (kumon)
  1. agony, anguish, worry, trouble

Noun [Korean]

Forms: gomin [romanization], 고민 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hj|hangeul=고민}} 苦悶 • (gomin) (hangeul 고민)
  1. Hanja form of 고민 (“agony, anguish, worry, trouble”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 고민 (extra: agony, anguish, worry, trouble)

Download JSON data for 苦悶 meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "shūchàng",
      "word": "舒暢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shūchàng",
      "word": "舒畅"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "苦悶",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "zh:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "depressed; dejected"
      ],
      "id": "en-苦悶-zh-adj-DwKuomKP",
      "links": [
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ],
        [
          "dejected",
          "dejected"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "dīchén",
          "word": "低沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dīluò",
          "word": "低落"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "冷館"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "冷馆"
        },
        {
          "word": "喪氣"
        },
        {
          "word": "丧气"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yāyì",
          "word": "壓抑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yāyì",
          "word": "压抑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shīwàng",
          "word": "失望"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shīluò",
          "word": "失落"
        },
        {
          "roman": "guǎhuān",
          "word": "寡歡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "guǎhuān",
          "word": "寡欢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "幽鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "幽郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悒鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "悒郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "悒鬱寡歡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "悒郁寡欢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chóumèn",
          "word": "愁悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chóumèn",
          "word": "愁闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōumèn",
          "word": "憂悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōumèn",
          "word": "忧闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "慘沮"
        },
        {
          "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "惨沮"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù",
          "word": "憂鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuyù",
          "word": "忧郁"
        },
        {
          "word": "憋悶"
        },
        {
          "word": "憋闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "àosàng",
          "word": "懊喪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "àosàng",
          "word": "懊丧"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "word": "抑鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìyù",
          "word": "抑郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chénmèn",
          "word": "沉悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chénmèn",
          "word": "沉闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chényù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "沉鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chényù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "沉郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǔsàng",
          "word": "沮喪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǔsàng",
          "word": "沮丧"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāojí",
          "word": "消極"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāojí",
          "word": "消极"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāochén",
          "word": "消沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huī",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "灰"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huīxīn",
          "word": "灰心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
          "word": "灰心喪氣"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
          "word": "灰心丧气"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fánmèn",
          "word": "煩悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fánmèn",
          "word": "烦闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shénshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "神傷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shénshāng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "神伤"
        },
        {
          "english": "literary or Eastern Min",
          "roman": "suǒmò",
          "word": "索寞"
        },
        {
          "word": "萎靡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīn'àn",
          "word": "陰暗"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīn'àn",
          "word": "阴暗"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīnchén",
          "word": "陰沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīnchén",
          "word": "阴沉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuítáng",
          "word": "頹唐"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuítáng",
          "word": "颓唐"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuísàng",
          "word": "頹喪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuísàng",
          "word": "颓丧"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuífèi",
          "word": "頹廢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuífèi",
          "word": "颓废"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùmèn",
          "word": "鬱悶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùmèn",
          "word": "郁闷"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "鬱鬱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyù",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "郁郁"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
          "word": "鬱鬱不樂"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
          "word": "郁郁不乐"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
          "word": "郁郁寡欢"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "齪嘈"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "龊嘈"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔmèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄇㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu² mun⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khú-mun"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khó͘-būn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔmèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔmèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kʻu³-mên⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔ-mèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuumenn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "кумэнь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kumɛnʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fú muhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu² mun⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu² mun⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː³⁵ muːn²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khú-mun"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku` mun"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku³ mun⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³¹ mun⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khó͘-būn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khóo-būn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qofbun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː³⁵ muːn²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³¹ mun⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "苦悶"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "苦悶",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "苦",
          "く"
        ],
        [
          "悶",
          "もん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kumon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くもん"
      },
      "expansion": "苦(く)悶(もん) • (kumon)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Pharika, Goddess of Affliction",
          "roman": "Kumon no Kami, Farika",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "苦",
              "く"
            ],
            [
              "悶",
              "もん"
            ],
            [
              "神",
              "かみ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "苦悶の神、ファリカ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "agony, anguish, worry, trouble"
      ],
      "id": "en-苦悶-ja-noun-YQsf6eNf",
      "links": [
        [
          "agony",
          "agony"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くもん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝmõ̞ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "苦悶"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gomin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "고민"
      },
      "expansion": "苦悶 • (gomin) (hangeul 고민)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "agony, anguish, worry, trouble",
          "word": "고민"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 고민 (“agony, anguish, worry, trouble”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-苦悶-ko-noun-EpUb8lBi",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "고민",
          "고민#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "agony",
          "agony"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "苦悶"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "shūchàng",
      "word": "舒暢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shūchàng",
      "word": "舒畅"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "苦悶",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese adjectives",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Chinese adjectives",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Hakka adjectives",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hokkien adjectives",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Mandarin adjectives",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "zh:Emotions"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "depressed; dejected"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ],
        [
          "dejected",
          "dejected"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔmèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄇㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu² mun⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khú-mun"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khó͘-būn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔmèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔmèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kʻu³-mên⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kǔ-mèn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuumenn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "кумэнь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kumɛnʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fú muhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu² mun⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu² mun⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː³⁵ muːn²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khú-mun"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku` mun"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku³ mun⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³¹ mun⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khó͘-būn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khóo-būn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qofbun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː³⁵ muːn²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³¹ mun⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun³³/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "dīchén",
      "word": "低沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dīluò",
      "word": "低落"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷館"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷馆"
    },
    {
      "word": "喪氣"
    },
    {
      "word": "丧气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "壓抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "word": "压抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shīwàng",
      "word": "失望"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shīluò",
      "word": "失落"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guǎhuān",
      "word": "寡欢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "幽郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悒郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "悒郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóumèn",
      "word": "愁闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "憂悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōumèn",
      "word": "忧闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "慘沮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnjǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惨沮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "word": "憂鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuyù",
      "word": "忧郁"
    },
    {
      "word": "憋悶"
    },
    {
      "word": "憋闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "àosàng",
      "word": "懊丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìyù",
      "word": "抑郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chénmèn",
      "word": "沉闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chényù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沉郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǔsàng",
      "word": "沮丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāojí",
      "word": "消極"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāojí",
      "word": "消极"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāochén",
      "word": "消沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huī",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "灰"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīn",
      "word": "灰心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心喪氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huīxīnsàngqì",
      "word": "灰心丧气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "煩悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fánmèn",
      "word": "烦闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shénshāng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "神伤"
    },
    {
      "english": "literary or Eastern Min",
      "roman": "suǒmò",
      "word": "索寞"
    },
    {
      "word": "萎靡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "陰暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīn'àn",
      "word": "阴暗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "陰沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīnchén",
      "word": "阴沉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "頹唐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuítáng",
      "word": "颓唐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "頹喪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuísàng",
      "word": "颓丧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "頹廢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuífèi",
      "word": "颓废"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "鬱悶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùmèn",
      "word": "郁闷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "鬱鬱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "郁郁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "鬱鬱不樂"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùbùlè",
      "word": "郁郁不乐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "鬱鬱寡歡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùyùguǎhuān",
      "word": "郁郁寡欢"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "齪嘈"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "龊嘈"
    }
  ],
  "word": "苦悶"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "苦悶",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "苦",
          "く"
        ],
        [
          "悶",
          "もん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kumon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くもん"
      },
      "expansion": "苦(く)悶(もん) • (kumon)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Pharika, Goddess of Affliction",
          "roman": "Kumon no Kami, Farika",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "苦",
              "く"
            ],
            [
              "悶",
              "もん"
            ],
            [
              "神",
              "かみ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "苦悶の神、ファリカ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "agony, anguish, worry, trouble"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "agony",
          "agony"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くもん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝmõ̞ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "苦悶"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gomin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "고민"
      },
      "expansion": "苦悶 • (gomin) (hangeul 고민)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "agony, anguish, worry, trouble",
          "word": "고민"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 고민 (“agony, anguish, worry, trouble”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "고민",
          "고민#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "agony",
          "agony"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "苦悶"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "苦悶"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "苦悶",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "苦悶"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "苦悶",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "苦悶"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "苦悶",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "苦悶"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "苦悶",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "苦悶"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "苦悶",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.